California bill redefines Class 1 and 3 electric bikes?

A new bill in California, SB 1271, is on the verge of becoming law, aiming to redefine the classifications of electric bicycles (e-bikes) and enhance safety standards for e-mobility devices. Here’s a breakdown of what this legislation entails and its implications for e-bike users.

Key Provisions

  • Redefinition of E-Bike Classes: The bill clarifies that Class 1 and Class 3 e-bikes must not be capable of exclusively propelling themselves.

    • Class 1: Provides assistance only when pedaling and stops at 20 mph.
    • Class 3: Similar to Class 1 but allows assistance up to 28 mph.
  • Throttle Restrictions: E-bikes with throttle capabilities that can exceed these speeds will no longer qualify as electric bicycles under the new definitions.

  • Testing Standards: Starting January 1, 2026, all e-bikes and powered mobility devices must undergo testing by accredited laboratories to ensure compliance with safety standards. This includes:

    • Compliance with EN 15194 and UL 2849 testing standards.
    • Displaying the testing laboratory’s logo and applicable standards on products.
  • Battery Safety Regulations: E-bike batteries will also be subject to stringent testing requirements, ensuring they meet safety protocols before being sold or leased.

Timeline for Implementation

  • The bill is currently awaiting the signature of Governor Gavin Newsom. If signed, the new regulations will come into effect in phases:
    • January 1, 2026: Most provisions regarding testing and sales will be implemented.
    • January 1, 2028: Additional rental regulations will take effect.